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Constitutional Design Test - 1

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Constitutional Design Test - 1
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
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    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Nelson Mandela was charged for treason by the South African government.
    b. He was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1956.
    c. He was in prison for 20 years.
    Solution
    In 1962, Mandela was arrested and charged with high treason along with his collaborators. The Rivonia Trial, as it came to be known, would turn Mandela into a symbol of the struggle against apartheid. UNIDENTIFIED BROADCASTER: A remarkable demonstration by a crowd of several hundred outside the courthouse in Pretoria. He was arrested and imprisoned in 1962. Mandela served 27 years in prison, split between Robben Island, Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison.
  • Question 2
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    Why was Nelson Mandela imprisoned?
    Solution
    He was arrested and imprisoned in 1962, and subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment for conspiring to overthrow the state following the Rivonia Trial. Mandela served 27 years in prison, split between Robben Island, Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison.
  • Question 3
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    Who was the President of the Constituent Assembly that wrote the Indian constitution?
    Solution
    The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India. Following India's independence from British Government in 1947, its members served as the nation's first Parliament. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the president and its vice-president was Harendra Coomar Mookerjee, a Christian from Bengal and former vice-chancellor of Calcutta University.
  • Question 4
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    In which year did South Africa become a democracy?
    Solution
    This is the correct answer as at the midnight of 26 April, 1994, the new national flag of the Republic of South Africa was unfurled, marking the birth of a new democracy in the world. South Africa since 1994 transitioned from the system of apartheid to one of majority rule. The election of 1994 resulted in a change in government with the African National Congress (ANC) coming to power.
  • Question 5
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    In which year was the first ever constitution for India drafted?
    Solution
    In 1928, Motilal Nehru and eight other Congress leaders drafted a constitution for India. This was the first time the constitution for India was drafted. The Nehru Report of 10 August 1928 was a memorandum to appeal for a new dominion status and a federal set-up of government for the constitution of India. It also proposed for the Joint Electorates with reservation of seats for minorities in the legislatures.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. H. C. Mookherjee was the Chairman of the drafting committee of the Constituent Assembly.
    b. The members deliberated for 114 days spread over three years before the Constitution was drafted.
    Solution
    The Constituent Assembly had 299 representatives, including fifteen women. The Interim Government of India was formed on 2 September 1946 from the newly elected Constituent Assembly. The Constituent Assembly set up a Drafting Committee under the Chairmanship of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to prepare a Draft Constitution for India. The members deliberated for 114 days spread over three years. Every document presented and every word spoken in the Constituent Assembly has been recorded and preserved.
  • Question 7
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    What is the importance of the 'Constituent Assembly Debates'?
    Solution
    The debates of the constituent assembly were held to discuss the rationale behind each of the clause of the draft constitution that was made under the aegis of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. These debates helped in making amendment in the clauses of the draft constitution.
  • Question 8
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    Which of the following is incorrect about the preamble to the Indian Constitution?
    Solution
    The Preamble of the Constitution reads like a poem on democracy. It contains the philosophy on which the entire Constitution has been built. It provides a standard to examine and evaluate any law and action of government, to find out whether it is good or bad. It is the soul of the Indian Constitution.
  • Question 9
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    Which of the following guiding values of the Constitution and their meanings are paired correctly?

    a. Sovereign : It means that state has the power to legislate on any subject.
    b. Socialist : All are equal before the law.
    c. Fraternity : No one should treat a fellow citizen as inferior.
    Solution
    Sovereign means the independent authority of a State. It means that it has the power to legislate on any subject; and that it is not subject to the control of any other State/external power.
    Socialist - The word socialist was added to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution by the 42nd amendment act of 1976, during the Emergency. It implies social and economic equality. Social equality in this context means the absence of discrimination on the grounds only of caste, colour, creed, sex, religion, or language.
    Fraternity - This refers to a feeling of brotherhood and a sense of belonging with the country among its people.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Nelson Mandela opposed the apartheid regime in South Africa.
    b. He spent 27 years in Robben Island.
    Solution
    Nelson Mandela led a crowd of 50 men down the streets of a white area in Johannesburg after the 11 pm curfew that forbade black peoples' presence. The group was apprehended, but the rest of the country followed its example. Defiance spread throughout the country and black people disregarded racial laws by, for example, walking through "whites only" entries. At the campaign's zenith, in September 1952, more than 2,500 people from 24 different towns had been arrested for defying various laws.
    He was arrested and imprisoned in 1962, and subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment for conspiring to overthrow the state following the Rivonia Trial. Mandela served 27 years in prison, split between Robben Island, Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison.
  • Question 11
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

    a. 'Freedom to Walk' is the autobiography of Nelson Mandela.
    b. The African Communist party led the struggle against the policies of segregation.
    Solution
    Mandela's autobiography is 'Long Walk to Freedom' written by South African President Nelson Mandela, and first published in 1994 by Little Brown & Co. The African National Congress (ANC) was the umbrella organisation that led the struggle against the policies of segregation. South Africa since 1994 transitioned from the system of apartheid to one of majority rule. The election of 1994 resulted in a change in government with the African National Congress (ANC) coming to power.
  • Question 12
    1 / -0
    When were the elections held in India for the Legislative Assemblies for the first time?
    Solution
    An Executive Council was formed under The Indian Councils Act, 1861. It was only under the Government of India Act 1919 that a Legislative Council was set up in Punjab. Later, under the Government of India Act 1935, the Punjab Legislative Assembly was constituted with a membership of 175. It was summoned for the first time on 1 April 1937.
  • Question 13
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. The Constituent Assembly drafted the Indian Constitution and it was an assembly of elected representatives.
    b. Elections to the Constituent Assembly were held in July 1948.
    c. The Constituent Assembly that wrote the Indian constitution had 299 members.
    Solution
    The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India. Following India's independence from British Government in 1947, its members served as the nation's first Parliament. The Constitution of India was drafted by the Constituent Assembly, and it was implemented under the Cabinet Mission Plan on 16 May 1946. The members of the Constituent Assembly were elected by the provincial assemblies by a single, transferable-vote system of proportional representation. The Constituent Assembly had 299 representatives, including fifteen women. The Interim Government of India was formed on 2 September 1946 from the newly elected Constituent Assembly.
  • Question 14
    1 / -0
    When did the Indian Constitution come into effect?
    Solution
    January 26, 1950, is the day the Constitution of India came into effect. What was until then known as Union of India officially became the Republic of India. Since then the Indian Constitution has been the permanent instrument that ensures the working of the government system. To mark this day we celebrate January 26 as Republic Day every year.
  • Question 15
    1 / -0
    Which of the following leaders gave the famous speech 'Tryst with Destiny' to the Constituent Assembly at the stroke of midnight on August 15, 1947?
    Solution
    On 15th August 1947, the Constituent Assembly of India met for its fifth session at 11 PM. In this meeting Jawaharlal Nehru, the newly elected PM of India delivered his famous speech Tryst with Destiny. Tryst with destiny means "to make a secret deal with something that is in destined for us". In case of India, the word 'destiny' refers to freedom. It means that long years ago, Indians had come together to fight against the British to achieve freedom.
  • Question 16
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements based upon the preamble of the Indian Constitution is incorrect?
    Solution
    The preamble begins with 'We the People of India'. This signifies that the Constitution has been drawn up and enacted by the people through their representatives, and not handed down to them. The preamble calls India a 'Sovereign'. This means that the people have supreme right to make decisions on internal as well as external matters. No external power can dictate the government of India. The preamble states that India is 'Socialist'. This means that the government should regulate the ownership of land and industry to reduce socio-economic inequalities. The preamble states that India is 'Secular'. This means that the citizens have the complete freedom to follow any religion. There is no official religion. Government treats all religious beliefs and practices with equal respect.
  • Question 17
    1 / -0
    From which of the following countries was the inspiration for the preamble taken?
    Solution
    The preamble of the Indian constitution is taken from the constitution of the USA. The Constitution of India has picked the best features from other constitutions of the world.
    Following are the features borrowed from USA's constitution:

    1. Impeachment of the president
    2. Functions of president and vice-president
    3. Removal of Supreme Court and High court judges
    4. Fundamental Rights
    5. Judicial review
    6. Independence of judiciary
    7. The preamble of the constitution
  • Question 18
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. Mahatma Gandhi was the President of the Constituent Assembly at the time of the drafting of the Indian Constitution.
    b. Dr. Ambedkar often bitterly criticised Mahatma Gandhi and his vision of equality in the nation.
    Solution
    The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India. Following India's independence from British Government in 1947, its members served as the nation's first Parliament. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the president, therefore, the first statement is wrong.
    Dr BR Ambedkar had a different understanding of how inequalities could be removed from our society, thus he often bitterly criticised Mahatma Gandhi and his vision. Mahatma Gandhi's efforts were mainly spiritual and religious in character whreas Dr. Ambedkar's efforts were mainly political and legal in character. When the British government proclaimed officially in 1932 that it would concede the demand for separate electorates for the untouchables, Gandhi opposed the plan strongly on the ground that it would break up the Hindu community and announced his fast unto death if the scheme was not withdrawn. Ambedkar was equally determined to have it implemented.
  • Question 19
    1 / -0

    Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was the Law Minister in the first cabinet of post-independence India. He was the founder of which of the following political parties?

    Solution

    Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer, who inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement and campaigned against social discrimination towards the untouchables (Dalits). He was independent India's first Minister of Law and Justice, and the chief architect of the Constitution of India. The Republican Party of India is a political party in India. It has its roots in the Scheduled Castes Federation led by B. R. Ambedkar. The 'Training School for Entrance to Politics' was established by Ambedkar in 1956 which was to serve as an entry point to the Republican Party of India (RPI). The first batch of the school consisted of 15 students. Its first batch turned out to be last batch as the school was closed after Ambedkar's death in 1956.

  • Question 20
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct?

    a. The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India.
    b. Every document presented and every word spoken in the Constituent Assembly has been recorded and preserved.
    Solution
    The Constituent Assembly of India was elected to write the Constitution of India. Following India's independence from British Government in 1947, its members served as the nation's first Parliament. An idea for a Constituent Assembly was proposed in 1934 by M. N. Roy, a pioneer of the Communist movement in India and an advocate of radical democracy. It became an official demand of the Indian National Congress in 1935.
    More than 2000 amendments were considered. The members deliberated for 114 days spread over three years. Every document presented and every word spoken in the Constituent Assembly has been recorded and preserved to form 12 bulky volumes of Constituent Assembly Debates. The debates of the constituent assembly were held to discuss the rationale behind each of the clause of the draft constitution that was made under the aegis of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. These debates helped in making amendment in the clauses of the draft constitution.
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